If you’re not planning on sailing over the winter months, take some time to put your boat to bed until the warmer weather returns. You can't expect to pack your boat away for months of harsh weather without problems. By spending an hour bedding it down properly, you can be sure that next season it will be ready to go without repairing the damage the winter has caused.
If you don’t winterise your boat properly, you’ll soon discover when spring arrives that your boat could have paid the price. Read on for our tips on keeping your boat in top condition over winter.
Engine Care
Your engine is the most important and expensive item on your boat. Unfortunately, it is also the dirtiest job to do, so it’s far better to take care of your boat’s engine first. Dirty oil will stagnate throughout the winter, so you need to change the oil and filter. You’ll also need to drain the engine’s cooling system by opening the coolant drain at the lowest point. If it’s a closed system, fill it with an antifreeze and water solution. If it’s an open system, flush it with clean water. If you have a carburetor, drain the gas and fill the tank with fuel stabiliser.
Fuel System Maintenance
Stabilising your fuel is essential to prevent damage over the winter months. Add a fuel stabiliser to your fuel tank to prevent the gas from breaking down. This step is particularly important as stale fuel can damage your engine components. After adding the stabiliser, run the engine for a few minutes to ensure it circulates through the system. It's also wise to check the fuel tank for any signs of damage or leaks before storage.
Toilet Care
Ensure any tank used for toilet waste is pumped as dry as possible. Unless you can remove the tank easily, get a professional boatyard to carry this out for you. Always deodorise the tank. Marine shops offer specialised deodorisers made for this.
Clearing the Boat
Any items left on your boat over winter will inevitably collect moisture and mildew. Remove life jackets, cushions, sails, and anything that could be affected, and store them indoors.
Cupboards and Hatches
If you are storing your boat inside, keep all the hatches and storage cupboards open. If your boat is staying outside, you’ll need to ensure that all openings are firmly closed.
Cleaning Your Boat
Give the boat a good wash before you tuck it up for the winter months—rinse ropes and blocks in fresh water to remove salt particles, clean away any dirt, and remove any loose ropes or sheets. It's always best to remove the sails and put them somewhere dry like a garage.
Interior and Exterior Protection
To protect your boat's surfaces, thoroughly clean both the interior and exterior. Apply a quality marine wax to the hull to guard against moisture and salt damage. Inside, ensure all surfaces are clean and dry to prevent mold and mildew buildup. Use moisture-absorbing products in cabins and storage areas to control humidity levels. Cover your boat with a durable, breathable cover that prevents water ingress while allowing air circulation. This will help protect against elements and reduce the risk of mold and mildew growth.
Electrical System Care
Inspecting and maintaining the boat's electrical systems is crucial. Disconnect or remove batteries to prevent them from draining over the winter months. Ensure batteries are fully charged before storage, and it's wise to store them in a cool, dry place. If you leave them on the boat, disconnect cables to save power. Inspect on-marinised electronics for any signs of corrosion or damage, and consider removing them to a controlled environment if possible. Proper attention to these details will prolong your equipment’s life and have you ready for smooth sailing when the warmer weather returns.
Water and Plumbing Systems
Proper care of the water and plumbing systems is essential to prevent freezing and damage. Drain all water from the bilges, freshwater systems, and water lines. Add non-toxic antifreeze to the plumbing system to prevent any remaining water from freezing. Ensure that the water heater, if installed, is drained and protected. Inspect all hoses and connections for signs of wear, and replace any that are damaged to avoid leaks when you return to the water.
Safety and Security Measures
To prevent theft and damage over the winter months, take additional safety measures. Remove all valuables, such as electronics, navigation equipment, and personal items, from the boat. Ensure the vessel is securely covered with a sturdy, lockable tarp or cover to deter unauthorized access. Consider installing a boat alarm or motion sensor lights as additional deterrents. If you're storing the boat in a marina or a boatyard, check their security measures and inform them of any specific concerns. A well-secured boat will give you peace of mind throughout the winter.
Professional vs. DIY Winterisation
Deciding whether to winterise your boat yourself or hire a professional service depends on several factors:
- Budget: Hiring a professional can be more expensive, but it may be worth the investment if you're not comfortable performing the tasks yourself. DIY winterisation can save money, but ensure you follow all necessary steps to avoid costly mistakes.
- Expertise and Time: Consider your mechanical skills and available time. Professional services offer expertise and efficiency, often providing a guarantee of their work. If you're experienced with boat maintenance, DIY can be a rewarding task.
- Equipment and Tools: Professionals have access to specialised equipment that might be necessary for thorough winterization. Ensuring you have the right tools and materials for a DIY approach is crucial.
- Complexity: For boats with complex systems, or if it's your first time owning a boat, hiring a pro can prevent oversight. However, many boaters with simpler setups successfully manage DIY winterization by following detailed guides and checklists.
Ultimately, the decision should weigh your comfort level, the boat's needs, and personal circumstances. By carefully considering these factors, you can choose the best approach to ensure your boat endures the winter in prime condition.
By following these comprehensive steps, you can confidently prepare your boat for the winter, ensuring it remains in excellent condition and ready for the next sailing season.